What OSHA medical surveillance requires
Medical surveillance is ongoing medical monitoring of employees exposed to specific workplace hazards, required so health effects are caught early. It is triggered by exposure crossing an action level, not by job title, and the duty to schedule exams, act on results, and retain records sits with the employer, not the clinic.
- Triggered by measured exposure crossing an action level
- Each standard sets the required exams, frequency, and provider reporting
- Most records kept for employment plus 30 years (29 CFR 1910.1020)
- Compliance and recordkeeping are the employer's legal burden
Which OSHA standards require it
Dozens of standards mandate surveillance. The ones employers encounter most often:
Respiratory protection (29 CFR 1910.134)
medical evaluation before wearing any respirator
Occupational noise (29 CFR 1910.95)
audiometric testing at the 85 dBA action level, repeated annually
Lead (29 CFR 1910.1025 / 1926.62)
blood-lead monitoring and exams
Respirable crystalline silica (29 CFR 1910.1053)
exams above the action level 30+ days a year
Asbestos (29 CFR 1910.1001)
periodic exams for exposed workers
Bloodborne pathogens (29 CFR 1910.1030)
hepatitis B vaccination and post-exposure evaluation
HAZWOPER (29 CFR 1910.120)
baseline, periodic, and exit exams
Substance-specific standards for benzene, cadmium, formaldehyde, hexavalent chromium, and more
California employers: Cal/OSHA goes further
If you operate in California, federal compliance is not the finish line. Cal/OSHA's Title 8 standards can be stricter than their federal counterparts, and some have no federal equivalent, so an employer fully compliant under federal OSHA can still fall short in California. Occu-Med is headquartered in Fresno and builds California programs to the state requirement, not the federal floor.
- Cal/OSHA Title 8 can exceed federal OSHA requirements
- California-only programs apply, including Aerosol Transmissible Diseases (8 CCR 5199)
- Occu-Med is Fresno-based and coordinates California programs daily
What Occu-Med manages for you
Occu-Med is the program coordinator between you and the providers who perform the exams. We don't replace the clinics in our network, we run the whole program around them, so one accountable partner covers the entire surveillance lifecycle, whether you operate one site or dozens.
Turnkey program management
we identify who needs which exam, schedule it, and track it to completion
Audit-ready recordkeeping
results, fitness determinations, and required notices retained to the OSHA standard
National multi-site coverage
one program run consistently through our nationwide provider network
Predictable, vetted delivery
consistent protocols and quality across every provider
Who needs a program
If your workforce is exposed to regulated substances or conditions, you likely have surveillance obligations. We coordinate programs across:
- Construction, demolition, and remediation (lead, silica, asbestos, HAZWOPER)
- Manufacturing and heavy industry (noise, metals, chemical exposures)
- Healthcare and laboratories (bloodborne pathogens, ATD, formaldehyde)
- Oil, gas, and energy operations
- Public agencies and utilities with respirator and noise programs
Frequently Asked Questions
What is OSHA medical surveillance?
OSHA medical surveillance is the ongoing medical monitoring of employees exposed to specific workplace hazards, required by individual OSHA standards so exposure-related health effects are detected early. A program defines which exams are required, how often they repeat, what the provider must report to the employer, and how long records are kept. It is monitoring tied to exposure, not a one-time pre-hire physical.
When is a medical surveillance program required, and what triggers it?
A program is required when employees are exposed to a regulated hazard at or above the action level in the applicable standard. Examples: any employee who must wear a respirator needs a medical evaluation under 29 CFR 1910.134; occupational noise at the 85 dBA action level triggers audiometric testing under 1910.95; respirable silica above the action level 30 or more days a year triggers exams under 1910.1053. The trigger is measured exposure, not job title.
What tests are included in a surveillance program?
It depends on the hazard. Noise programs use baseline and annual audiograms; respirator programs use a medical evaluation questionnaire and, when indicated, an exam; lead programs use periodic blood-lead testing; silica and asbestos programs use exams that can include chest imaging and lung-function (spirometry) testing. Each OSHA standard specifies its own required tests and schedule, which is what Occu-Med maps for your specific exposures.
How long must medical surveillance records be kept?
Most employee exposure and medical records must be kept for the duration of employment plus 30 years under 29 CFR 1910.1020. A few programs use different retention periods, but the long horizon is why durable, audit-ready recordkeeping is a core part of every program Occu-Med runs, and why scattered records across multiple clinics become a liability at inspection time.
Whose responsibility is OSHA medical surveillance compliance?
The employer. The employer is legally responsible for ensuring required exams happen on schedule, that results are acted on, and that records are retained for the full period. The clinic performs the exam, but the compliance and recordkeeping obligation stays with the employer, which is exactly the burden Occu-Med takes on as your program coordinator.
Does Occu-Med perform the medical exams?
Occu-Med coordinates the program and directs it around the clinics and licensed providers in our nationwide network, who perform the exams. We manage who needs testing, scheduling, results, fitness determinations, and recordkeeping, so you have one accountable partner for the entire program rather than juggling individual clinic relationships.
Can Occu-Med manage surveillance across multiple states and sites?
Yes. Occu-Med runs one consistent program across every location through a national provider network, so a multi-site employer gets the same protocols, quality, and recordkeeping everywhere, instead of managing a separate clinic relationship at each site and reconciling records by hand.
How is Cal/OSHA medical surveillance different from federal OSHA?
Cal/OSHA enforces Title 8 standards that can be stricter than federal OSHA, and it has programs with no federal equivalent, such as the Aerosol Transmissible Diseases standard (8 CCR 5199) covering tuberculosis screening in healthcare and other settings. An employer compliant under federal rules can still fall short in California, so California programs must be built to the state requirement. As a Fresno-based coordinator, Occu-Med works in both frameworks daily.
Make your surveillance program someone else's full-time job
Tell us the hazards your workforce faces and where you operate. We'll map your OSHA and Cal/OSHA obligations and run the program end-to-end, so exams happen on schedule and your records are always inspection-ready.
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